Technical Column | What Are The Laser Welding Processes

Laser welding is a new type of welding, laser welding is mainly for thin-wall materials, precision parts welding, spot welding, butt welding, overlap welding, sealing welding, etc., its characteristics are: with a high depth to width ratio, small weld width, small heat affected zone, small deformation, fast welding speed. The weld is smooth and beautiful, and there is no need to handle or only a simple processing procedure after welding. The weld has high quality, no porosity, can reduce and optimize the impurities of the base material, the tissue can be refined after welding, and the strength and toughness of the weld are at least equal to or even more than the base metal. Precise control, small focus point, high precision positioning, easy to achieve automation. It can realize the welding between some dissimilar materials.

01 Laser self-fusion welding

Laser welding is the use of laser beam excellent directivity and high power density and other characteristics of the work, through the optical system to focus the laser beam in a very small area, in a very short time to be welded to form a highly concentrated energy heat source area, so that the solder to be melted and formed a solid solder joints and welds.

Laser welding: the depth to width ratio is large; High speed and high precision; Small heat input, small deformation; Non-contact welding; Not affected by magnetic field, no need to vacuum.

02 Laser wire filling welding

Laser wire filling welding refers to the method of pre-filling a specific welding material in the weld and melting it with laser irradiation or filling the welding material at the same time of laser irradiation to form a welding joint. Compared with non-wire welding, laser wire filling welding solves the problem of strict requirements for workpiece processing and assembly. Smaller power welding thicker parts; By adjusting the composition of the filler wire, the microstructure properties of the weld area can be controlled.

03 Laser flight welding

Remote laser welding is a kind of laser welding method which uses high-speed scanning lens to process long working distance. High positioning accuracy, short time, fast welding speed, high efficiency; Will not interfere with the welding fixture, optical lens pollution less; Arbitrary shape welds can be customized to optimize structural strength, etc. Generally, the weld has no gas protection, and the splash is larger. It is widely used in thin high-strength steel plate and galvanized steel plate such as body covering parts.

04 Laser brazing

The laser beam emitted by the laser generator is focused on the surface of the welding wire and heated, so that the welding wire is heated and melted (the base material is not melted) to wet the base material, fill the joint gap, and combine with the base material to form a weld to achieve a good connection.

05 Laser swing welding

By swinging the reflection lens inside the welding head, the laser swinging is controlled to stir the welding solution pool to promote the gas overflow from the solution pool and refine the grain. At the same time, the sensitivity of laser welding to incoming material gap can be reduced. Especially suitable for aluminum alloy, copper and dissimilar materials welding.

06 Laser arc composite welding

Laser-arc composite welding combines two kinds of laser and arc heat sources with different physical properties and energy transmission mechanisms to form a new and efficient heat source. Composite welding features: 1, compared with laser welding, bridge ability is enhanced, improve the organization. 2, compared with arc welding, small deformation, high welding speed, deep penetration. 3, and the length of each heat source and make up their own shortcomings, 1+1>2.

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Technical Column | What Are The Laser Welding Processes