Aluminum electrolytic capacitor is a metal oxide film formed on the surface of metal aluminum as a medium to grow the oxide film of metalaluminumThe foil is the positive electrode, and the electrolyte (liquid, solid) is the cathodealuminumThe foil is connected, because the metal oxide film has unidirectional conductivity, soaluminumElectrolytic capacitors are polar capacitors.
According to the different structure, aluminum electrolytic capacitors can be divided into four categories: bolt type aluminum electrolytic capacitors, horn type electrolytic capacitors, lead type electrolytic capacitors, and chip type electrolytic capacitors.
(1) bolt-type aluminum electrolytic capacitor: It is a high-voltage capacitor, and the voltage is between 200V and 700V. It uses bolts to connect the two ends of the capacitor together, which has the advantage that it does not require welding and can be installed quickly. It has the advantages of simple installation, safe and reliable, small size, good compression performance, strong temperature resistance and so on.
(2) Horn electrolytic capacitor: the voltage is between 200V and 600V. It is composed of two square bull horn shaped electrical diaphragm and a cylindrical sandwich. The horn electrolytic capacitor has certain advantages in the process, adding a sandwich between the electrical diaphragm can effectively prevent the aging of the electrical diaphragm, thus extending the service life of the capacitor.
Horn type electrolytic capacitors are the most widely used in wide band and a variety of tuned circuits, which can achieve perfect stability, effectively resist disturbance, noise reduction and circuit regulation, and greatly improve signal stability.
(3) Lead line electrolytic capacitor is a common plug-in capacitor, the voltage is generally 5~450V, it is widely used, and the machine plug-in can be realized by braid packaging, and the production efficiency is high.
(4) Chip type electrolytic capacitor, voltage between 5~63V. Machine patches can be widely used, and the cost is relatively low.
In addition, from the electrolyte point of view, there are ordinary aluminum electrolytic capacitors (liquid electrolytes) and solid electrolytic capacitors. The dielectric material of solid electrolytic capacitor is conductive polymer material, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte from being heated and expanded, resulting in "blasting", and has the characteristics of environmental protection, low resistance and long life.
The difference between solid-state electrolytic capacitors and ordinary electrolytic capacitors is relatively simple, and the top of the ordinary electrolytic capacitors generally have indentation explosion-proof marks in the shape of "K", "+" or "T". At present, the chip type electrolytic capacitors are mostly solid electrolytic capacitors.